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Malaysian Languages And Customs |
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Malaysia is a multi-cultural, multi-racial country and so English is widely spoken in most parts of Malaysia but knowing a few simple words in Bahasa Malaysia would be good. Chinese dialects like Cantonese, Mandarin and Hokkien are widely spoken too. In addition to the very widespread use of English, especially in business and among the educated majority, Bahasa Malaysia or BM (MaIay) is spoken by all Malaysians, and although dialects differ regionally, the basic structure is the same.
Adjectives always follow the noun. “Rumah” (house) and “besar” (big) together as “rumah besar” means "big house'' and so on. When constructing a sentence, the order is subject-verb-object:
Dia (he); makan (eats); nasi (rice); goreng (fried).
“Dia makan nasi goring” = “He eats fried rice.”
The traditional greeting is “Apa khabar” - literally ''What news?” and is the equivalent of “How are you?” - to which the reply is “Khabar baik” – “I'm fine”. Today, the ubiquitous ''HeIlo!'' or ''Hi!'' serve the same purpose.
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Here are some general pronunciation guidelines.
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‘a’ as in “car”
‘ai’ as in “aisle”
‘au’ as in “how”
‘c’ as in “chat”
‘e’ as in “early”
‘g’ as in “go” (and not gem)
‘gg’ as in “single”
‘h’ as in “halt”
‘i’ as in “feet”
‘j’ as in “budge”
‘ng’as in “singing”
‘ny’ as in “onion” |
apa = what; makan – eat.
kedai = shop; sungai = river
pulau = island; jauh = far
capal = sandal; cinta = love
membeli = to buy; besar = big
pergi = go; guru = teacher
Ringgit = Malaysian dollar; tetangga = household
mahai = expensive; murrah = cheap
minum = to drink; lagi = again
jalan = street; juta =million
sangat = very; bunga = flower
minyak = petrol/oil; banyak = a lot |
| QUICK VOCABULARY |
| Good morning |
Selamat pagi |
| Good afternoon |
Selamat tengah hari |
| Good evening |
Selamat petang |
| Good-bye |
Selamat tinggal |
| Yes |
Ya |
| No |
Tidak |
| Thank you |
Terima kasih |
| Please come in |
Sila masuk |
| Please sit down |
Sila duduk |
| Thank you very much |
Terima kasih banyak-banyak |
| You're welcome |
Sama-sama |
| Where do you come from? |
Asal dari mana? |
| I come from... |
Saya datang dari… |
| What is your name? |
Siapa nama anda? |
| My name is... |
Nama saya... |
| Only a little |
Sedikit sahaja |
| Do you like Malaysia? |
Suka tak Malaysia? |
| I like it here |
Saya suka berada di sini |
| Where are you going? |
(Pergi) ke mana? |
| I am going to... |
Saya pergi ke. . . |
| Turn right |
Belok (ke) kanan |
| Turn left |
Belok (ke) kiri |
| Go straight |
Jalan terus |
| Please stop here |
Sila berhenti di sini |
| How much |
Berapa harga |
| That's too expensive |
Mahal sangat |
| Can you reduce the price? |
Boleh kurang? |
| Wait a minute |
Tunggu sekejap |
| I would like to change money |
Saya hendak tukar duit |
| Excuse me |
Maafkan saya/Maaf |
| Could I make an enquiry? |
Tumpang tanya? |
| Where is the toilet? |
Di mana tandas? |
| In the back |
Di belakang |
| Over there |
Di sana |
| Over here |
Di sini |
| What time is it? |
Jam berapa? |
| one-thirty or half-one |
Pukul satu setengah |
| What time does the bus leave? |
Pukul berapa bas bertolak? |
| Mr. |
Encik, Tuan |
| Mrs. |
Puan |
| Miss |
Cik |
| I |
saya |
| you (to someone the same age or younger) |
awak, anda or kita |
| you (formal) |
encik |
| he, she |
dia |
| we (excluding the speaker) |
kami |
| we (including the speaker) |
kita |
| they |
mereka |
| what? |
apa? |
| who? |
siapa? |
| where (place) |
di mana? |
| where (direction) |
ke mana? |
| when? |
bila? |
| how? |
bagaimana? |
| why? |
mengapa? |
| which? |
yang mana? |
| to eat |
makan |
| to drink |
minum |
| to sleep |
tidur |
| to bathe |
mandi |
| to come |
datang |
| to go |
pergi |
| to stop |
berhenti |
| to buy |
beli (membeli) |
| to sell |
jual (menjual) |
| road, walk |
jalan |
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